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Home / Crystal / Lenses / CVD Zinc Sulfide(ZnS) for Durable materials for VIS and IR applications

CVD Zinc Sulfide(ZnS) for Durable materials for VIS and IR applications

IdealPhotonics CVD Ceramics‘ chemically vapor deposited CVD Zinc Sulfide® is the low cost alternative for infrared windows, domes and optical elements.

With a fracture strength double that of zinc selenide and high hardness, zinc sulfide has been used successfully in many military applications requiring mechanical resistance to hostile environments.

Cleartran® is a form of CVD Zinc Sulfide® material that is modified by a post-deposition hot isostatic process. This process removes zinc hydrides from the crystal lattice, normalizes crystal structure and purifies the material. These contribute to single crystal-like transmittance in the visible through far infrared ranges (0.35 -14 microns). With its low absorption and scatter throughout its broad transmitting range and high optical quality, Cleartran® is particularly well-suited for multi-spectral applications that require a single aperture for beam path for several wavebands.

CVD Zinc Sulfide® and Cleartran® are chemically inert, non-hygroscopic, highly pure, theoretically dense and easily machined.

Custom diameters, rectangles, CNC-profiled blanks, generated lens blanks, prisms and near-net shape domes can be made to your specifications.

Name Price Operation
25.0mm x 40.0mm ZnS Positive Lenses $166.00
Features

● Excellent mechanical and environmental resistance

● Transmission in VIS and IR (0.35 to 14µm)

● Low scattering

● Chemically inert

● Non-hygroscopic

● Easily machined

Physical/Optical Characteristics

Transmission Range :

1.0 to 13 μm

Refractive Index :

2.192 at 10.6 μm

Reflection Loss :

24.6% at 10.6 μm (2 surfaces)

Absorption Coefficient   :

0.02 cm-1 at 3.8 μm

Reststrahlen Peak :

30.5 μm

dn/dT :

+43 x 10-6/°C at 3.39 μm

dn/dμ = 0 :

n/a

Density :

4.08 g/cc

Melting Point :

1827°C (See notes below)

Thermal Conductivity :

16.7 W m-1 K-1 at   296K

Thermal Expansion :

6.6 x 10-6 /°C at 273K

Hardness :

Knoop 240 with 50g indenter

Specific Heat Capacity   :

469 J Kg-1 K-1

Dielectric Constant :

n/a

Youngs Modulus (E) :

74.5 GPa

Shear Modulus (G) :

n/a

Bulk Modulus (K) :

n/a

Elastic Coefficients :

Noy Available

Apparent Elastic Limit   :

103.4 MPa (15,000 psi)

Poisson Ratio :

0.29

Solubility :

65 x 10-6 g/100g water

Molecular Weight :

97.43

Class/Structure :

Polycrystalline cubic, ZnS, F43m


µm

No

µm

No

µm

No

0.42

2.516

0.46

2.458

0.50

2.419

0.54

2.391

0.58

2.371

0.62

2.355

0.66

2.342

0.70

2.332

0.74

2.323

0.78

2.316

0.82

2.31

0.86

2.305

0.90

2.301

0.94

2.297

0.98

2.294

1.00

2.292

1.40

2.275

1.80

2.267

2.20

2.263

2.60

2.26

3.00

2.257

3.40

2.255

3.80

2.253

4.20

2.251

4.60

2.248

5.00

2.246

5.40

2.244

5.80

2.241

6.20

2.238

6.60

2.235

7.00

2.232

7.40

2.228

7.80

2.225

8.20

2.221

8.60

2.217

9.00

2.212

9.40

2.208

9.80

2.203

10.2

2.198

10.6

2.192

11.0

2.186

11.4

2.18

11.8

2.173

12.2

2.167

12.6

2.159

13.0

2.152

13.4

2.143

13.8

2.135

14.2

2.126

14.6

2.116

15.0

2.106

15.4

2.095

15.8

2.084

16.2

2.072

16.6

2.059

17.0

2.045

17.4

2.03

17.8

2.015

18.2

1.998



No = Ordinary Ray

Zinc Sulphide is produced by synthesis from Zinc vapour and H2S gas, forming as sheets on Graphite susceptors. Zinc Sulphide is microcrystalline in structure, the grain size being controlled to produce maximum strength. Forward Looking Infra-Red (FLIR) grade, which is pale yellow and translucent in the visible, is used as deposited without further treatment. It is stronger than multispectral grade. Single crystal ZnS is available, but is not common.

ZnS oxidises significantly at 300°C, exhibits plastic deformation at about 500°C and dissociates about 700°C. For safety, Zinc Sulphide windows should not be used above 250°C in normal atmosphere.

ZnS1.png

Application

Due to its superior optical quality and excellent transmittance in UV, VIS and IR spectral ranges, Hellma Materials CaF2 can be used in versatile applications:

● IR optics

● Optics for astronomical instrumentation

● Space-based optics

● Microscope optics

● Spectroscopy optics

● UV optics

● Laser windows

● Excimer laser optics

● Microlithography optics